The platysma muscle, a thin sheet of muscle, runs from the collarbone and shoulder to the jawline and mouth. At first, many people may think that the muscle has no critical uses as it is relatively small and not as well-known as other muscles in the body. However, the platysma muscles play a crucial role in facial expressions, helping to move the skin and soft tissues around the chin, cheeks, and neck.
In addition to the platysma muscles’ role in facial expressions, they are also used for swallowing and speaking, making them pretty vital. The muscle is involved in the process of opening and closing the mouth, allowing us to eat, chew, and speak correctly. Moreover, it contracts during swallowing, playing a vital role in the transportation of food particles and liquids from the mouth to the stomach.
As it turns out, the platysma muscle is much more important than we initially may have thought. This underappreciated muscle provides critical functions necessary for everyday life, making it an essential component of our musculoskeletal system. So, next time you smile, talk, or eat, remember to thank your platysma muscles!
Anatomy of the Platysma Muscle
The platysma muscle is a broad sheet-like muscle that is located on the front of the neck. It is a superficial muscle, meaning that it is situated close to the skin surface, and is responsible for a number of functions, including facial expressions, swallowing, and speaking.
The platysma muscle is divided into two parts: the superficial and deep portions. The superficial portion is the larger of the two and consists of thin, flat bands of muscle fibers that extend from the collarbone up to the corner of the mouth. The deep portion, on the other hand, is thicker and consists of thicker muscle fibers that extend from the collarbone up to the bottom of the jawbone.
- The platysma muscle is supplied by the facial nerve, which means that it is under conscious control.
- The platysma muscle is innervated by branches of the cervical nerve, which exit the spinal cord in the neck region.
- The platysma muscle receives blood supply from the subclavian artery, which branches off from the aorta in the chest.
In general, the platysma muscle is responsible for the following functions:
- Facial expressions, such as frowning and raising the corners of the mouth
- Swallowing, by helping to pull the lower jawbone forward and down
- Speaking, by helping to control the position of the tongue and lips
- Assisting in breathing, by helping to lift the clavicles during deep inhalation
Overall, the platysma muscle is a versatile muscle that is important for a wide range of functions. Whether you are trying to express emotions through facial expressions or simply trying to swallow your morning coffee, the platysma muscle is there to help make it happen.
Functions of the Platysma Muscle
The platysma muscle, also known as the “muscle of expression”, is a thin, broad sheet of muscle that is located in the neck region and extends from the collarbone to the angle of the jaw. This muscle serves multiple functions, which we will discuss below.
- Facial expression: The platysma muscle is responsible for many facial expressions, such as frowning, grimacing, and looking tense. When this muscle contracts, it pulls down the corners of the mouth and tenses the skin of the neck.
- Swallowing: The platysma muscle is also involved in swallowing. During the swallowing process, the platysma muscle contracts and elevates the hyoid bone, which in turn helps to close off the trachea and open up the esophagus.
- Respiration: The platysma muscle is involved in breathing, particularly during forceful inhalation. When we take a deep breath, the platysma muscle contracts and pulls the skin of the neck upwards, allowing for greater expansion of the chest cavity and improved inhalation.
The platysma muscle is also important for maintaining good posture. When this muscle is strong and toned, it can help draw the head and neck back into alignment, reducing the risk of neck strain and other postural problems.
Overall, the platysma muscle is a multifunctional muscle that plays an important role in many aspects of human physiology and anatomy. By understanding the various functions of this muscle, we can appreciate just how important it is for our overall health and wellbeing.
Movements Controlled by the Platysma Muscle
The platysma muscle is a broad sheet of muscle fibers stretching from the chest to the jaw. It is located in the subcutaneous tissue of the neck and is associated with several movements of the face and neck. The following are the movements controlled by the platysma muscle:
- Facial Expressions: The platysma muscle plays a vital role in facial expressions, especially in the lower part of the face. When you frown, the muscle contracts, and the corners of your mouth are pulled down. In contrast, when you smile, the muscle relaxes, and the corners of your mouth move upwards.
- Swallowing: As you begin to swallow, the platysma muscle tenses and contracts. This contraction helps lift the hyoid bone upward, which facilitates the opening of the esophagus during swallowing.
- Mouth Movements: The platysma muscle contributes to various mouth movements such as opening your mouth, chewing, and speaking. When you open your mouth, the muscle contracts, and the jaw drops down. Similarly, when you speak, the platysma muscle works with other facial muscles to aid in the formation of sounds.
Role in Neck Movements
The platysma muscle also plays a crucial role in neck movements. It helps to tilt the head to one side, turn the head, and nod the head up and down. The muscle is involved in stabilizing the neck during these movements and helps to prevent injuries.
Physical Examination of the Platysma Muscle
Your healthcare provider might examine the platysma muscle by asking you to clench your teeth and contract the muscle, which can help detect any abnormalities or signs of injury. Additionally, a physical examination of the muscle can help determine if the muscle is healthy and functioning correctly.
| Normal Function | Abnormal Function |
|---|---|
| Normal contraction of platysma muscle during movements | Inability to contract the muscle |
| Balance of muscle function with other facial muscles | Asymmetric contraction of the muscle |
| No visible signs of muscle weakness or injury | Muscle atrophy or visible injury |
In case of any concerning symptoms or abnormal findings during the physical examination, it is recommended to consult a medical professional for further evaluation and treatment.
Surgical Procedures Involving the Platysma Muscle
The platysma muscle, which is located in the neck and extends down to the collarbone, plays a vital role in facial expressions, swallowing, and speaking. However, as we age, the platysma muscle may weaken and sag, resulting in the appearance of a double chin or “turkey neck.” Fortunately, various surgical procedures can address this issue.
Neck lift surgery
- Neck lift surgery, also known as platysmaplasty, is a surgical procedure that involves tightening and repositioning the platysma muscle to achieve a more youthful-looking neck. During this procedure, an incision is made under the chin or behind the ears, and the platysma muscle is tightened and reattached to the jawbone or other nearby muscles.
- Patients who have a significant amount of excess skin or fat in the neck area may also require liposuction or skin removal as part of the neck lift surgery.
- Recovery time for neck lift surgery varies depending on the extent of the procedure, but most patients can return to work and other normal activities within two weeks.
Botox injections
Botox injections are a non-surgical option for addressing platysma muscle bands, which are visible cords that run from the jawline to the collarbone. These bands can make the neck appear aged or “stringy.” Botox injections work by paralyzing the platysma muscle, which can smooth out the appearance of these bands and result in a more youthful-looking neck.
However, the effects of Botox injections only last for a few months, and the procedure needs to be repeated to maintain results. Additionally, Botox injections are not effective for addressing excess skin or fat in the neck area.
Cervicoplasty
Cervicoplasty is a surgical procedure that involves removing excess skin from the neck area to achieve a more youthful-looking neck. This procedure is often performed in conjunction with platysmaplasty and/or liposuction if the patient has a significant amount of excess skin and fat in the neck area.
The incisions for cervicoplasty are usually made under the chin or behind the ears, and the excess skin is removed. The remaining skin is then tightened and repositioned for optimal results.
| Pros | Cons |
|---|---|
| Can achieve significant results for patients with excess skin in the neck area | May require a longer recovery time than other procedures |
| Results are long-lasting | Can have potential scarring from incisions |
Recovery time for cervicoplasty varies, but patients can expect to return to work and other normal activities within two to three weeks.
Age-Related Changes in the Platysma Muscle
The platysma muscle is an essential muscle responsible for the motion of the lower face and neck. Like any other muscle in the human body, the platysma also experiences age-related changes as we grow old. Aging results in the muscles of the face, including the platysma, to lose volume, strength, and elasticity, leading to sagging, bagging, and wrinkles.
- Volume loss: As we age, the platysma can experience volume loss, leading to a sunken and hollow appearance of the cheeks, jawline, and neck.
- Sagging: As the muscles surrounding the platysma begin to weaken, the muscle can begin to sag, leading to jowls and an undefined jawline.
- Wrinkles: With age, the skin loses elasticity, which can cause the platysma muscle to stretch, resulting in wrinkles and fine lines that can become more pronounced with time.
However, certain lifestyle factors can slow down age-related changes in the platysma muscle. A healthy diet combined with regular exercise, sunscreen use, and proper skin care can help keep the platysma and the skin around it supple and healthy-looking.
Moreover, non-invasive treatments like injectables that contain neurotoxins and fillers can help rejuvenate the appearance of the platysma muscle without the need for surgery. These treatments can help improve the volume, contour, and texture of the skin around the neck, jawline, and cheeks, resulting in a more youthful appearance.
| Type | Benefits | Duration |
|---|---|---|
| Neurotoxins | Help relax the muscles in the neck and contour the jawline | 3-6 months |
| Fillers | Restore lost volume to the skin and help define the jawline | 6-12 months |
Procedures like facelifts or neck lifts can also help combat the signs of age-related changes in the platysma muscle. However, these surgical options typically involve longer recovery times, greater expense, and greater risks than non-invasive treatments.
Exercises for Strengthening the Platysma Muscle
The platysma muscle is located in the neck, extending from the shoulder all the way up to the cheekbone. Its primary function is to pull down the lower lip and corner of the mouth, but it also plays a role in facial expressions, swallowing, and speaking. As we age, the platysma muscle may weaken, leading to sagging skin and wrinkles. Fortunately, there are exercises that can help strengthen this muscle and improve the appearance of the neck and jawline.
- Neck tilt: Tilt your head back and look at the ceiling. Press your tongue against the roof of your mouth and swallow. You should feel your platysma muscle contracting. Hold for a few seconds and release. Repeat 10-15 times.
- Platysma stretch: Sit or stand with your back straight. Tilt your head back and press your tongue against the roof of your mouth. Use your fingers to pull down on the corners of your mouth. Hold for 10-15 seconds and release. Repeat 10-15 times.
- Jawline toner: Sit or stand with your back straight. Tilt your head back and look at the ceiling. Pull your lower lip over your top lip and hold for a few seconds. Release and repeat 10-15 times.
Besides targeted exercises, there are also lifestyle changes that can support a strong platysma muscle. Maintaining good posture and avoiding slouching can help prevent neck strain. Eating a healthy diet and staying hydrated can also support muscle health and tone. Additionally, facial massage and regular use of skincare products can improve circulation and skin elasticity, contributing to a more youthful appearance.
| Exercise | Description |
|---|---|
| Neck tilt | Tilt head back, press tongue against roof of mouth, swallow and hold for a few seconds. Repeat 10-15 times. |
| Platysma stretch | Tilt head back, press tongue against roof of mouth, use fingers to pull down on corners of mouth, hold for 10-15 seconds. Repeat 10-15 times. |
| Jawline toner | Tilt head back, pull lower lip over top lip and hold for a few seconds. Repeat 10-15 times. |
Incorporating these exercises and lifestyle habits into your daily routine can help keep your platysma muscle strong and reduce the signs of aging in your neck and jawline. As with any exercise program, be sure to check with your doctor before starting if you have any medical conditions or prior injuries.
Common Platysma Muscle Disorders
The platysma muscle is a thin, flat, sheet-like muscle that extends from the collarbone to the angle of the mouth. It is responsible for a variety of facial expressions, including frowning, grimacing, and tensing the neck. However, the platysma can also be the source of several common disorders.
One of the most common disorders associated with the platysma muscle is platysmal bands. These bands are vertical ridges that develop in the neck and are often associated with aging and a loss of skin elasticity. Platysmal bands can also result from overuse of the platysma muscle, such as excessive chewing or talking.
Other common platysma muscle disorders include:
- Cervical dystonia: a neurological disorder that causes involuntary muscle contractions in the neck
- Platysma hypertrophy: an enlargement of the platysma muscle, which can cause the neck to appear thick and swollen
- Platysma rupture: a tear in the platysma muscle, which can result from trauma such as a car accident or from overuse of the muscle
If you suspect that you are suffering from a platysma muscle disorder, it is important to seek medical attention. Treatment options may vary depending on the severity of the disorder and the individual’s medical history. Often, treatment for platysma muscle disorders may involve physical therapy, medication, or even surgical intervention.
| Disorder | Symptoms | Treatment |
|---|---|---|
| Platysmal bands | Vertical ridges in the neck | Botox, surgery, physical therapy |
| Cervical dystonia | Involuntary muscle contractions in the neck | Medication, physical therapy, surgery |
| Platysma hypertrophy | Thickening of the neck | Surgery, physical therapy |
| Platysma rupture | Tear in the platysma muscle | Surgery, physical therapy |
Regardless of which disorder you may be experiencing, it is important to seek prompt medical attention to ensure that the condition does not worsen. With proper treatment and care, many platysma muscle disorders can be managed effectively, allowing patients to regain their quality of life and sense of wellbeing.
What is the platysma muscle used for?
FAQs:
1. Where is the platysma muscle located?
The platysma muscle is a thin, broad muscle that runs from the bottom of the chin to the collarbone and shoulder.
2. What is the function of the platysma muscle?
The primary function of the platysma muscle is to help lower the lower lip and angle the mouth downwards.
3. Can the platysma muscle affect the appearance of the face?
Yes, the platysma muscle can influence the appearance of the face due to its impact on the jawline and chin.
4. Can exercises strengthen the platysma muscle?
Yes, there are certain facial exercises that can help strengthen and tone the platysma muscle, which can improve the overall appearance of the face.
5. Are there any medical conditions associated with the platysma muscle?
In some cases, the platysma muscle may be affected by certain medical conditions, such as thyroid disorders or amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS).
6. How does aging impact the platysma muscle?
As a person ages, the platysma muscle can lose tone and elasticity, which may contribute to the development of sagging or drooping skin around the neck and chin.
Closing Title: Learn More About the Platysma Muscle
Now that you have a better understanding of the platysma muscle, you can see how important it is for facial expression and overall appearance. By learning more about facial exercises and other ways to strengthen the platysma muscle, you can maintain a more youthful appearance as you age. Thanks for reading and come back again soon to learn more about health and wellness!